ACT or SAT: How to Pick the Right Test for You

If you’re starting your college application journey, you’ve probably come across two of the most common tests: the ACT (American College Testing) and the SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test). You may be wondering which test to take—or if you need to take one at all! Though many colleges have gone “test-optional,” these tests still play a big role in admissions decisions and scholarship opportunities at a lot of schools. So, let’s break down what each test entails, how they differ, and how you can decide which one is the right fit for you.

ACT vs. SAT: What’s the Difference?

At their core, both the ACT and SAT are designed to assess your readiness for college, but they have some key differences. The ACT and SAT vary in structure, timing, and focus, which can make one better suited to your personal strengths and test-taking style.

Here’s a quick rundown of each:

1. Structure and Timing

The ACT includes four main sections—English, Math, Reading, and Science—with an optional Writing test. The full test is about three hours, with the optional writing section adding another 40 minutes.
The SAT has recently switched to an adaptive digital format, making it a bit shorter, at around two hours and 14 minutes. It has two main sections: Reading & Writing and Math. Each SAT section adapts in difficulty based on your performance in previous questions.

2. Math and Science

Math: Both exams test math skills, but the SAT includes questions you can solve using a calculator, while the ACT splits its math section into calculator and non-calculator parts.
Science: The ACT has a separate Science section, but don’t let that fool you! This section is actually more about reading comprehension and interpreting graphs or charts than specific science knowledge.

3. Question Format and Timing Per Question

The SAT gives you more time per question overall, so if you tend to be a more thoughtful, slower-paced test-taker, you might find the SAT more manageable.
The ACT’s questions are generally straightforward but come at you quickly, which can be challenging if you struggle with time pressure.

Do Colleges Require the ACT or SAT?

While some colleges have become “test-optional” (meaning you’re not required to submit scores), others are still “test-required” or even “test-blind” (where they don’t consider test scores at all). And while you may not need to submit scores, a good SAT or ACT score can still strengthen your application and make you eligible for certain scholarships.

Even if your dream school is test-optional, submitting a strong score can show them that you’re college-ready—especially if your GPA or other parts of your application don’t quite reflect your academic potential.

Deciding Which Test to Take

So, how do you know which test might be better for you? Here are a few tips:

1. Take Practice Tests for Both: Start by taking a practice SAT and ACT, ideally under timed conditions. Many high schools offer the PSAT (Practice SAT) or the PreACT, which can give you a good sense of what each test is like. You can also find free practice tests on the College Board and ACT websites.

2. Think About Your Test-Taking Strengths: If you’re strong in reading comprehension and problem-solving but don’t love math, you might feel more comfortable with the SAT, which gives you more time to work through each problem. If you’re good at quickly reading and interpreting data, you might prefer the ACT.

3. Consider the New Digital SAT: The SAT recently switched to a shorter, digital format with adaptive questioning, which means the test adjusts its difficulty based on how you answer initial questions. This could be a great fit if you like having time to think through each question.

4. Check with Your Target Colleges: Make a list of the colleges you’re interested in and look up their testing policies. Some schools may have specific requirements or recommendations for one test over the other.

What About the Writing Test?

The SAT’s optional essay was phased out in 2021, but the ACT still offers an optional 40-minute Writing test. Some colleges still value this section as part of the admissions process, but many don’t. Many students still choose to write it to showcase their strong or improved writing skills to prospective colleges. When in doubt, it’s usually better to take the writing section just in case a college you’re interested in requires or recommends it. Better to have it and not need it than to need it and not have it!

ACT and SAT Score Conversion: How Do Scores Compare?

If you’re interested in comparing your scores, the ACT and SAT offer conversion charts to help you see how your performance on one test translates to the other. The SAT’s total score range is 400–1600, while the ACT’s composite score is from 1–36. This can be helpful if you end up taking both tests and want to submit your stronger score.

What Does It Cost?

As of now, the SAT costs around $68, and the ACT costs $69 without the optional Writing test, or $94 if you add it. Fee waivers are available if testing fees are a financial burden, so check if you’re eligible!

Final Thoughts: ACT or SAT?

Ultimately, the choice between the ACT and SAT comes down to your personal strengths and college goals. It’s important to remember that both tests serve the same purpose: to help you demonstrate your readiness for college. Try a practice test for each, evaluate how comfortable you feel, and choose the one that allows you to put your best foot forward.

With the right prep, you’ll be well on your way to acing whichever test feels best for you. Good luck, and remember—you’ve got this!

Disclaimer: This blog post provides personal finance educational information, and it is not intended to provide legal, financial, or tax advice.

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Daniel Bod

Writer at Going Merry

Daniel Bod is a seasoned higher education professional with two decades of expertise in financial aid. He began his career at Hofstra University in 2004, after completing his Bachelor's degree from Stony Brook University in 2000, where he provided comprehensive financial aid support to families from diverse backgrounds. In 2007, he transitioned to LIU Post and advanced to Senior Assistant Director of Enrollment Services, dedicating over ten years to assisting students and families in various capacities. During his tenure at LIU Post, Daniel also earned a Master's degree in Childhood Education. Transitioning to St. George's University in 2019, he spent over four years focusing on the financial needs of medical students. Daniel excels in advising on loan options and empowering students and families to make informed decisions about educational finances.